The `SupermirrorFlat` Component

Identification

Site:
Author: Wai Tung Lee
Origin:
Date: September 2024

Description

Calculate the neutron reflection and transmission of a flat supermirror with parallel mirror surfaces.
The following can be specified:
1. reflection from either mirror coating or substrate surface, mirror coating can be single-side, double-side,
2. absorber coating:  beneath mirror coating, single-side coated, double-side coated, or uncoated,
3. refraction and total reflection at substrate surface,
4. attenuation and internal reflection inside substrate.

note: supermirror name is case-sensitive
text entries of parameters below are not sensitive to case
default regional spelling is UK, but some paramters accept other reginal spelling


INITIALISATION parameters:


STEP 1: Specify supermirror shape, supermirror coating, absorber and substrate material
In this step, supermirror is standing vertically, mirror coating = yz plane with long side along +z.

SUPERMIRROR SHAPE -------------------------------------------------
1. +x: "top" mirror surface normal, horizontal transverse to beam;
+y: vertical up, parallel to  mirror surface;
+z: longitudinal to beam, parallel to mirror surface;
2. top and bottom mirrors' surface normals are +x and -x, respectively;
3. entrance-side edge normal is -z, exit-side edge normal is +z (beam direction);
3. normals of and points on the remaining edge surfaces at +y and -y are user-specified,

Mirror shape is specified by length, thickness, and the normals of and points on the edge surfaces at +y and -y sides.

Parameters:
length:             		 [m]        Supermirror length
thickness_in_mm: [mm]       Substrate thickness in mm
The two side-edges at +y and -y are taken to be symmetric about the xz-plane, only one needs to be specified.
Use InitialiseStdSupermirrorFlat_detail if not symmetric.
side_edge_normal:   		 [1,1,1]    Normal vector of one of the two side-edge surface, use Coords structure, doesn't need to be normalised
side_edge_point:    		 [m,m,m]    A point on one of the two side-edge surface with its normal specified above, use Coords structure


SUPERMIRROR COATING -------------------------------------------------
Mirror reflectivity parameters are specified by name to look up 6 parameters {R0, Qc, alpha, m, W, beta}.
R0:      [1]      reflectivity below critical scattering vector
Qc:      [AA-1]   magnetude of critical scattering vector (at m=1)
alpha:   [AA]     slope of reflectivity
m:       [1]      m-value of material. Zero means no reflection
W:       [AA-1]   width of reflectivity cut-off
beta:    [AA2]    curvature of reflectivity
If name = SubstrateSurface, reflectivity is calculated by
R = R0 (when q<=Qc), R0*( (q - (q^2 - Qc^2)^1/2) / (q + (q^2 - Qc^2)^1/2) )^2 (when q>Qc), with Qc=sqrt(16 Pi SLD).
with Qc = Qc_sub defined in SubstrateSurfaceParameters and SLD defined in SubstrateParameters,
otherwise reflectivity is calculated by
R = R0 (when q<=Qc), R = R0*0.5*(1-tanh((q - m*Qc)/W))*(1-alpha*(q-Qc)+beta*(q-Qc)*(q-Qc)) (when q>Qc).

specified mirror material name matching one of those defined in "Supermirror_reflective_coating_materials.txt".
If the mirror is non-polarising, specify the same name and parameters for spin plus and spin minus.
Parameters:
mirror_coated_side:              [string]  Sequential keywords combinations of position and surface property.
position: "Both", "Top", "Bottom";
surface property: "Coated", "SubstrateSurface", "NoReflection"; Note: "NotCoated"="Empty"="SubstrateSurface"
e.g. "BothCoated", "BottomCoatedTopSubstrate",
case-insensitive.
mirror_spin_plus_material_name:  [string]  mirror spin+ material name in "Supermirror_reflective_coating_materials.txt". (case-insensitive)
mirror_spin_plus_m:              [1]       mirror spin+ m-value, -1=use default value
mirror_spin_minus_material_name: [string]  mirror spin- material name in "Supermirror_reflective_coating_materials.txt". (case-insensitive)
mirror_spin_minus_m:             [1]       mirror spin- m-value, -1=use default value (useful for spin-)


ABSORBER LAYER -------------------------------------------------
Absorber parameters are either specified by name or by parameters L_abs, L_inc and the coating thickness.
L_abs:                         [cm]          absorption 1/e attenuation length for 1 Å neutrons (complete & immediate absorption: 0, no absorption: -1)
L_inc:                         [cm]          incoherent scattering 1/e attenuation length (complete & immediate attenuation: 0, no attenuation: -1)
absorber_thickness_in_micron:  [micrometer]  absorber coating thickness in micrometer

Parameters:
absorber_coated_side:         [string]      "BothNotCoated", "BothCoated", "TopCoated", "BottomCoated".
absorber_material_name:       [string]      absorber material name in "Supermirror_absorber_coating_materials.txt" or "Empty", 0="Empty",
absorber_thickness_in_micron: [micrometer]  absorber coating thickness in micrometer


SUBSTRATE -------------------------------------------------
Substrate parameters are specified by name to look up 3 parameters {L_abs, L_inc, SLD}.
L_abs:   [cm]     absorption 1/e attenuation length for 1 Å neutrons
complete & immediate absorption: 0, no absorption: -1, Si: 210.460, SiO2: 1046.742, Boron:0.018, Gd:0.002, Borofloat:0.940
L_inc:   [cm]     spin-incoherent scattering 1/e attenuation length
complete & immediate attenuation: 0, no attenuation: -1, Si: 9927.652, SiO2: 441.380, Boron:4.505, Gd:1e9, Borofloat: 146.33
SLD:     [AA-2]   Coherent scattering length density

specify substrate material name matching one of those defined in "Supermirror_substrate_materials.txt".
Parameter:
substrate_material_name: [string]  substrate material name in "Supermirror_substrate_materials.txt". (Material name is case-insensitive)



STEP 2: Orient and position the as-defined supermirror in the McStas module XYZ coordinates.

1. Specify initially a location on the front side of the mirror (see parameter "initial_placement_at_origin" below).
The supermirror is shifted so that the selected point coincides with the origin of the McStas module XYZ coordinates
2. Then the orientation and position of the supermirror are specified by the movements in sequence as
1st, tilting about an axis in +y direction at a selected location (see parameters "tilt_y_axis_location" and "tilt_about_y_first_in_degree" below),
2nd, translation,
3rd, rotation about the z-axis of the McStas module XYZ coordinates.
Parameters:
initial_placement_at_module_origin:	[string] "TopFrontEdgeCentre","FrontSubstrateCentre","BottomFrontEdgeCentre"
(insensitive to case and reginal English spelling)
tilt_y_axis_location:					[string] "TopFrontEdge","TopMirrorCentre","TopBackEdge"
"FrontSubstrateCentre","SubstrateCentre","BackSubstrateCentre",
"BottomFrontEdge","BottomMirrorCentre","BottomBackEdge"
(insensitive to case and reginal English spelling)
tilt_about_y_first_in_degree:			[°]		 First: tilt about the x-axis at the selected location
translation_second:					[m,m,m]	 Second: translate, use Coords structure
rot_about_z_third_in_degree			[°]		 Third: rotate about z-axis (beam axis) of the McStas module XYZ coordinates



OUTPUT:
Supermirror struct with all parameter values entered and initialised
User declares "Supermirror supermirror;" or its equivalence,
then passes pointer "&supermirror" to function.
Parameter:
sm:	[struct Supermirror]  Supermirror structure



End INITIALISATION parameters




RAY-TRACING parameters

FUNCTION IntersectStdSupermirrorFlat
INPUT:
neutron parameters: w_sm=p, t_sm=t, p_sm=coords_set(x,y,z), v_sm=coords_set(vx,vy,vz), s_sm=coords_set(sx,sy,sz)
last_exit_time			[s]       time of last exit from a supermirror, use F_INDETERMINED if not determined. (F_INDETERMINED defined in this file)
last_exit_point			[m,m,m]   position of last exit from a supermirror, use coords_set(F_INDETERMINED,F_INDETERMINED,F_INDETERMINED) if not determined.
last_exit_plane			[1]       plane of last exit from a supermirror, use I_INDETERMINEDif not determined.
sm:						[struct]  Supermirror structure
OUTPUT:
num_intersect:          [1]		number of intersects through supermirror
First intersect time, point, plane if there is intersect.
User declare one or more parameters, e.g. "int num_intersect; double first_intersect_time; Coords first_intersect_point; int first_intersect_plane;",
then passes pointers "&num_intersect, &first_intersect_time, &first_intersect_point, &first_intersect_plane" to function.
Pass 0 as pointer if not needed.
first_intersect_dtime:  [s]		time difference from neutron to first intersect
first_intersect_dpoint: [m,m,m]	position difference from neutron to point of first intersect
first_intersect_time:   [s]		time of first intersect
first_intersect_point:  [m,m,m]	point of first intersect
first_intersect_plane:  [1]		plane of first intersect
RETRUN:
sm_Intersected, sm_Missed. sm_Error


FUNCTION StdSupermirrorFlat
INPUT:
sm						[struct]  Supermirror structure
INPUT & OUTPUT:
neutron parameters: w_sm=p, t_sm=t, p_sm=coords_set(x,y,z), v_sm=coords_set(vx,vy,vz), s_sm=coords_set(sx,sy,sz)
last_exit_time			[s]       time of last exit from a supermirror, use F_INDETERMINED if not determined. (F_INDETERMINED defined in this file)
last_exit_point			[m,m,m]   position of last exit from a supermirror, use coords_set(F_INDETERMINED,F_INDETERMINED,F_INDETERMINED) if not determined.
last_exit_plane			[1]       plane of last exit from a supermirror, use I_INDETERMINEDif not determined.
RETRUN:
sm_Exited, sm_Absorbed. sm_Error



End RAY-TRACING parameters

Input parameters

Parameters in boldface are required; the others are optional.

Name	Unit	Description	Default
side_edge_normal			{0,+1,0}
side_edge_point			{0,+0.1,0}
length			0.5
thickness_in_mm			0.3
mirror_coated_side			"BothCoated"
mirror_spin_plus_material_name			"FeSiPlus"
mirror_spin_plus_m			3.5
mirror_spin_minus_material_name			"FeSiMinus"
mirror_spin_minus_m			-1
substrate_material_name			"Glass"
absorber_coated_side			"BothNotCoated"
absorber_material_name			"Gd"
absorber_thickness_in_micron			100
initial_placement_at_origin			"FrontSubstrateCentre"
tilt_y_axis_location			"FrontSubstrateCentre"
tilt_about_y_first_in_degree			1.5
translation_second_x			0
translation_second_y			0
translation_second_z			0
rot_about_z_third_in_degree			0
tracking			"DetailTracking"

AT (	,	,		) RELATIVE
ROTATED (	,	,		) RELATIVE

The SupermirrorFlat Component

Identification

Description

Input parameters

Links

The `SupermirrorFlat` Component